Introduction
Fistula in ano is a medical condition that affects the anal area. It occurs when a small tunnel forms between the end of the bowel and the skin around the anus, resulting in pain, discomfort, and drainage. Fistula in ano can affect people of any age but is more common in men than women.
Symptoms
The symptoms of fistula in ano can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some common symptoms include:
- Pain and swelling around the anus
- Discomfort while sitting or having a bowel movement
- Drainage of pus or blood from the opening in the skin
- Foul-smelling discharge
- Fever and fatigue in severe cases
Causes
The exact cause of fistula in ano is not known, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of factors, including:
- Infection: The most common cause of fistula in ano is an infection in the anal gland, which can cause an abscess to form.
- Crohn’s disease: People with Crohn’s disease are at an increased risk of developing fistula in ano.
- Trauma: Injury to the anal area can cause a fistula to form.
- Surgery: Fistula in ano can also occur as a complication of anal surgery.
Treatment
The treatment for fistula in ano varies depending on the severity of the condition. Some common treatments include:
- Surgery: Surgery may be required in severe or recurrent cases of fistula in ano. The surgical procedure involves removing the fistula tract and any infected tissue. In some cases, the wound may be left open to heal naturally, while in other cases, the wound may be closed with stitches.
- Laser fistulotomy